Reviewer #2: Title: "non-invasive low-intensity pulsed electric field" - The description of PEF is lacking in the M&M and why use it in their studies. It is noteworthy that there are electric fields being larger fields (1.8 and 1.26 kV/cm) can produced a high drug intake rate during the first 10 ms that can decrease significantly thereafter.Web

In general, the reported effects of radiofrequency (RF) radiation on tissue and organ systems have been attributed to thermal interactions, although the existence of nonthermal effects at low field intensities is still a subject of active investigation.Web

Repetitive low-intensity magnetic stimulation has been used in the treatment of disease for over 50 years. Associated benefits have included alleviation of depression, memoryWeb

Electronically generated electromagnetic fields (EMFs), including those used in wireless communication such as cell phones, Wi-Fi and smart meters, are coherent, producing very high electric and magnetic forces, which act on the voltage sensor of voltage-gated calcium channels to produce increases in intracellular calcium [Ca 2+]i.The calcium hypothesis of …Web

To address these questions and identify mechanisms underlying low-field electromagnetic stimulation, we developed focal low-intensity (in the mT range) repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (LI-rTMS), i.e., low-intensity magnetic fields delivered focally to only part of the brain such as rTMS, while maintaining the safety and frequency range of low …Web

The second part shows the effects of coupling low intensity electric fields (in the scale of units of μAmperes) with weak magnetic fields (in the scale of milli Tesla) applied to protein crystallization. This approach consists of a novel experimental set up, which was used to study the influence of the coupled fields on the crystallization of ...Web

Low-intensity pulsed ultrasound (LIPUS), a form of mechanical stimulation, has become a popular non-invasive therapeutic modality in the fields of traumatology and regenerative medicine (Mei and Zhang, 2021). In past decades, the application of ultrasound in medicine, especially for diagnostics, surgery, and therapy, has been wildly investigated.Web

This article describes an emerging non-invasive neuromodulatory technology, called low intensity focused ultrasound (LIFU). This technology is potentially paradigm shifting as it can deliver non-invasive and reversible deep brain neuromodulation through acoustic sonication, at millimeter precision. Low intensity focused ultrasound's …Web

Title:Low Intensity Electromagnetic Fields Act via Voltage-Gated Calcium Channel (VGCC) Activation to Cause Very Early Onset Alzheimer's Disease: 18 Distinct Types of Evidence Volume: 19 Issue: 2 Author(s): Martin L. Pall* Affiliation: Professor Emeritus of Biochemistry & Basic Medical Sciences, Washington State University, …Web

Recent studies suggested that low intensity magnetic fields (MF) exerted a stimulatory effect on the mitochondrial metabolic activity, when applied to the whole animals, organs, or single cells. However, the mechanisms and the ranges of MF strength for this stimulation are still unclear. Here we hypothesize that static low intensity MF can …Web

These experiments demonstrate that extremely low intensity, low frequency sinusoidal electric fields suppress the formation of osteoclast-like cells in marrow culture. The in vitro results support in vivo findings that demonstrate that electric fields inhibit the onset of osteopenia and the progression of osteonecrosis; this suggests that ...Web

The treatment with the high-intensity low-frequency electromagnetic field lasted for 30 minutes, was repeated four times with a mean interval of 26 hours (+/−2). The applicator of the device was positioned directly on the painful area (Figure 1). Open in a separate window.Web

Low-intensity field-directed BCP ordering has potentially profound implications for processing functional materials and developing complex textures by field shaping. Abstract The interaction of fields with …Web

2.2. Low-level magnetic field exposure conditions. Two types of electromagnetic fields, Low-Level static magnetic field (LLF) and pulsed electromagnetic fields (PEMF) were used as treatment conditions. The LLF in this study was generated by a Mu-metal cylinder 15 cm in diameter and 30 cm in height with 1 mm of thickness placed …Web

So because electrons are bound to their orbitals, the field doesn't necessarily have to be 0 to hold them in place. But for a conductor, the binding energy is very low, so even a low intensity field can displace it, and to hold them there then the field is 0! It all makes sense now! $endgroup$ –Web

Selvam R, Ganesan K, Raju K V S N, Gangadharan A C, Manohar B M, Puvanakrishnan R. Low frequency and low intensity pulsed electromagnetic field exerts its antiinflammatory effect through restoration of plasma membrane calcium ATPase activity. Life Sciences, 2007, 80, 2403–2410. Article Google ScholarWeb

Introduction. For over 20 years, patients have used low intensity pulsed ultrasound (LIPUS) as an adjunct treatment to improve bone healing. Based on radiographic outcomes, the US Food and Drug Administration and the UK National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE) have approved LIPUS for fracture healing.1 2 Depending on …Web

We investigated the potential of ultra-low intensity and frequency pulsed electromagnetic fields (PEMFs) to kill breast cancer cells. Our criteria to accept this technology as a potentially valid therapeutic approach were: 1 ) cytotoxicity to breast cancer cells and; 2 ) that the designed fields proved innocuous to healthy cell classes that ...Web

The PEMF parameters tested were: 1) frequencies ranging from 20 to 50 Hz; 2) intensities ranging from 2 mT to 5 mT and; 3) exposure durations ranging from 30 …Web

The local geomagnetic field intensity and inclination angle are somehow impressed on newborns—information later used to return at breeding time. Landler et al. ( 92 ) found multiple effects of EMF in turtles that reproduce on land too, e.g., that RFR can alter natural orientation, establish its own orientation, and completely reverse natural ...Web

The peak intensity of the magnetic field and peak intensity of the induced electric voltage were detected in air between two coils from one side to the other, at the level of the culture flasks. ... Fröhlich J., Franco-Obregón A. Low intensity and frequency pulsed electromagnetic fields selectively impair breast cancer cell viability. PLoS ...Web

Substantial evidence demonstrates that pulsed electromagnetic fields (PEMF) could resist osteopenia/osteoporosis induced by estrogen deficiency and disuse.Web

Tumor treating fields (TTFields) are alternating, low-intensity, intermediate frequency electric fields that aim to disrupt cell division and inhibit tumor growth. In initial experiments, exposure of a variety of tumor cell lines to TTFields was shown to exert a profound growth inhibitory effect by inducing cell cycle arrest and apoptosis ...Web

This finding has been repeatedly replicated (Schwarze et al. 2016; Kobylkov et al. 2019), documenting a reproducible effect of low-intensity anthropogenic electromagnetic noise on the behavior of a vertebrate. A recent study has shown that RF fields at even higher frequencies (75–85 MHz) prevent a night-migratory songbird from using its ...Web

Improving the relative abundance of bacteria and their activity is still the basis for the efficient operation of anammox process. Here, biomagnetic effect was used to promote anammox granules. Batch test results show that the application of an electromagnetic field (EMF) with a strength of 0.09 μT increased the nitrogen removal …Web

Low intensity and frequency pulsed electromagnetic fields selectively impair breast cancer cell viability. PLoS One 8, e72944 (2013). Article ADS CAS PubMed PubMed Central Google ScholarWeb

Extensive animal model studies show that low intensity EMFs cause neurodegeneration, including AD, with AD animals having elevated levels of Aβ, amyloid precursor protein …Web

Previous studies showed that static magnetic fields (SMFs) and low-frequency electromagnetic fields (LF-MFs, frequency below 300Hz) exert anti-tumor function independent of thermal effects. ... Egli M, Frohlich J, Franco-Obregon A. Low intensity and frequency pulsed electromagnetic fields selectively impair breast cancer cell viability. …Web

Introduction A common drawback of many anticancer therapies is non-specificity in action of killing. We investigated the potential of ultra-low intensity and frequency pulsed electromagnetic fields (PEMFs) to kill breast cancer cells. Our criteria to accept this technology as a potentially valid therapeutic approach were: 1) cytotoxicity to …Web

Exposure to low frequency and radiofrequency electromagnetic fields at low intensities poses a significant health hazard that has not been adequately addressed by national and international organizations such as the World Health Organization. There is strong evidence that excessive exposure to mobile phone-frequencies over long periods …Web

Li, J., Zeng, Z., Zhao, Y. et al. Effects of low-intensity pulsed electromagnetic fields on bone microarchitecture, mechanical strength and bone turnover in type 2 diabetic db/db mice.Web

Low-intensity electromagnetic fields induce human cryptochrome to modulate intracellular reactive oxygen species. PLoS Biol. 2018;1:e2006229. van der Horst GTJ, Muijtjens M, Kobayashi K, Takano R, Kanno S, Takao M, de Wit J, Verkerk A, Eker APM, van Leenen D, et al. Mammalian Cry1 and Cry2 are essential for maintenance of …Web

Parate, D., Franco-Obregón, A., Fröhlich, J. et al. Enhancement of mesenchymal stem cell chondrogenesis with short-term low intensity pulsed …Web

The development of new devices using thin films demands very precise measurements of tiny electrical currents, low-intensity magnetic fields, and other small signals. The proposed system delivers ...Web

Repetitive low-intensity magnetic stimulation has been used in the treatment of disease for over 50 years. Associated benefits have included alleviation of depression, memory loss, and symptoms of Parkinson disease, as well as accelerated bone and wound healing and the treatment of certain cancers, independently of surgery or drugs.Web